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Adding Classes

In CodePen, whatever you write in the HTML editor is what goes within the <body> tags in a basic HTML5 template. So you don't have access to higher-up elements like the <html> tag. If you want to add classes there that can affect the whole document, this is the place to do it.

About the <head>

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CSS

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JavaScript

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HTML 

              
                <header>
  <div class="container">
   <a href="#" class="logo"></a>
    <nav class="site-nav">
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 2</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a>
              <ul>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.1</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.3</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 2.1.4</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 2.1</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">loooooong</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.3</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">loooooooooooooooooong</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 3.5</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 4</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 5</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 6</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 7</a>
          <ul>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.1</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.2</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.3</a>
              <ul>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.1</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.2</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">loooooooong</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.4</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">Link 7.3.5</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.4</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">Link 7.5</a></li>
          </ul>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">Link 8</a></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>

  </div>
</header>
!

CSS 

              
                * {
 	margin:0;
	padding:0;
	list-style:none;
	-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;
	-moz-box-sizing:border-box;
	box-sizing:border-box;
	font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

body::after {
	content:'';
	position: fixed;
	bottom:1em;
	right:1em;
	opacity: 0.5;
	font-size: 0.8em;
	z-index: 10;
}

header {
	width:100%;
	background: white;
}

.container {
	max-width:1600px;
	margin:0 auto;
 }

.logo {
	display:block;
	width:100%;
	padding:1em;
	text-decoration:none;
	color:gray; /* ? */
}

.site-nav {
	z-index: 10;
  
}

.site-nav>ul {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -ms-flexbox;
  display: flex;
  -webkit-box-orient: horizontal;
  -webkit-box-direction: normal;
      -ms-flex-direction: row;
          flex-direction: row;
  -webkit-box-pack: end;
      -ms-flex-pack: end;
          justify-content: flex-end;
  -webkit-box-align: stretch;
      -ms-flex-align: stretch;
          align-items: stretch;
  -ms-flex-wrap: wrap;
      flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin: auto;
  -webkit-user-select:none;
  -moz-user-select:-moz-none;
  -ms-user-select:none;
  user-select:none;
}

.site-nav >ul> li {
	display: inline-block;
  -ms-flex-wrap:wrap;
  flex-wrap:wrap;
  width:auto;
  padding:0;
}

.site-nav a {
	display:-webkit-inline-box;
	display:-ms-inline-flexbox;
	display:inline-flex;
  -ms-flex-line-pack: stretch;
      align-content: stretch;
  padding:1em;
  white-space: nowrap;
	text-decoration:none;
  height:100%;
	width:100%;
	color:white;     /* text color of all */
	background:#5a595a; /* background color main nav Link 1 */
	border-top: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
	z-index: 10;
}

@media all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) and (min-resolution: .001dpcm) { /* target only chrome and opera, fixed bug in mobile menu at chrome*/
 .site-nav a {
   border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  } 
}

.site-nav a:hover {
	background:#8c8e94; /* mouseover color Link 1 and Link 1.1 opacity */
}

.js .site-nav {
	display:none;
}

.js .sub-menu {
	display:none;
  position:absolute;
  top:100%;
  left:0px;
  z-index: 12;
}

.js .sub-menu .sub-menu {
  top:0px;
  right:100%;
  left:auto;
  text-align:right;
}

  .js .has-sub-menu { 
  position:relative;
  left:0px;
}

.sub-menu li:last-of-type {
	padding-bottom:0;
}

.sub-menu a {
	background:#676567; /* background color menu 2.1 only */
}

.sub-menu .sub-menu a {
	background:#747274; /* background color menu 2.1.1 only */
}

.sub-menu .sub-menu a:hover {
	background:#8c8e94; /* mouseover color Link 1 and Link 1.1 */
}

/* toggles */

.toggle-site-nav {
	background:#5a595a; /* background color of menu button when resized */
	display:block;
	position:absolute;
	right:0;
	top:0;
	padding:1em;
	color:white; /* text color of the word menu in menu button when resized */
	cursor:pointer;
	z-index: 10;
}

.toggle-site-nav:hover {
	background:rgba(0,0,0,0.5); /* mouseover color of menu button when resized */
}

.toggle-sub-menu {
	display:none;
}

.js .toggle-sub-menu {
	display:-webkit-box;
	display:-ms-flexbox;
	display:flex;
  position:absolute;
  -ms-flex-line-pack: center;
      align-content: center;
  right:0em;
 	top:1.05em; /* hight of the borders */
	background:#817e81; /* backgound of annoying squares when resized */
	height: 15px;
	width: 15px;
	cursor:pointer;
  z-index: 11;
}

.js .toggle-sub-menu.active {
	background: #DCDCDC; /* color of annoying square after clicking on it when resized */
}
	
.toggle-sub-menu:hover,
.toggle-sub-menu.active:hover  {
	background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* mouseover of annoying squares when resized */
}

@media screen and (min-width:900px) {
	
	.logo {
		width:auto;
		float:left;	
	}
	
	.site-nav {
		width:auto;
		display: -webkit-box !important;
		display: -ms-flexbox !important;
		display: flex !important;
	}

	.site-nav a {
		border:none;
	}
	
	.site-nav li {
		width:auto;
		padding:0;
	}

	.site-nav li:hover {
		background:rgba(52,50,52,1); /* mouseover background color of all menu */
	}

	.has-sub-menu a {
		padding-right: 2em; /* check this value */
	}

	.has-sub-menu:after { /* check this for editing the stripes */
		display:block;
    content:'';
    text-indent: -9999px;
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
    background: url(http:///undefined.bplaced.net/ic_expand_more_18px.svg);
    background-size: 18px 18px;
    position: absolute;
    -ms-flex-line-pack: center;
    align-content: center;
		top:1.0em;
		right: 0.5em;
  }

	/* sub menu */
	.site-nav li:hover > .sub-menu {
		display: block;
	  	position: absolute;
	  	width: 300px; /* width of sub menus */
	  	padding: 0 25px 25px 25px;
	  	left: -25px;
	}

	.sub-menu {display:none;}
	
	.sub-menu li {
		width:100%;	
	}
	
	.sub-menu > a {
		width:100%;
		display:block;	
	}

	.has-sub-menu .has-sub-menu:after {
		display:block;
    content:'';
    text-indent: -9999px;
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
    background: url(http://undefined.bplaced.net/ic_chevron_right_18px.svg);
    background-size: 18px 18px;
    position: absolute;
    -ms-flex-line-pack: center;
    align-content: center;
    top:1.0em;
    right: 0.5em;
 	}
	
	.has-sub-menu .has-sub-menu:hover .sub-menu {
		display:block;	
		position:absolute;
	  width: 300px; /* width of subsub menues */
	  padding: 0 25px 25px 25px;
	  left: 224px;
	  top: 0px;
	}
	
	.toggle-site-nav,
	.toggle-sub-menu {
		display:none !important;	
	}

	/* navigations items, which collapse to the left */

	.sub-left > .sub-menu {
		left:auto;
		right:0;
	}

	.site-nav .sub-menu .sub-left > .sub-menu {
		left:-275px;
	}
}


@media screen and (max-width: 899px){
.site-nav>ul {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100%;
    margin: auto;
}
  
.site-nav >ul> li {
    display: block !important;
    margin: auto;
    width: 100%;
}
  
.site-nav {
    z-index: 13;
    margin-top: 19px;
  }
  
 .js .toggle-sub-menu {
	  display:block;
    position:absolute;
    -ms-flex-line-pack: center;
    align-content: center;
    right:0.3em;
 	  top:0.29em; /* hight of the borders */
	  background:#817e81; /* backgound of annoying squares when resized */
	  width:2.7em;
	  height:2.7em;
	  cursor:pointer;
    z-index: 11;
  } 
  
  .toggle-sub-menu:before {
	  display: block;
    content: '';
    text-indent: -9999px;
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    background: url(http://undefined.bplaced.net/ic_expand_more_36px_wt.svg/);
    background-size: 36px 36px;
    position: absolute;
    -ms-flex-line-pack: center;
    align-content: center;
    top: 0.2em;
    left: 0.1118em;
 	}
  
  .js .toggle-sub-menu.active {
	  background: #141614; /* color of annoying square after clicking on it when resized */
  }
	  
 .toggle-sub-menu:hover,
 .toggle-sub-menu.active:hover  {
	  background-color: #313431; /* mouseover of annoying squares when resized */
  }

 .sub-menu {
		display: block;
    margin: auto;
    width: 100%;/* width of sub menu */
  }
	
 .has-sub-menu  {
    display: block !important;
    margin: auto !important;
    width: 100% !important;/* width of subsub menu */
  }
  
  /* sub menu */
	
 .has-sub-menu .has-sub-menu .sub-menu {
		display:none;	
		position:relative;
	  width: 100%; /* width of subsub menues */
	  margin: auto;
	  left: 0px;
    top: auto;
    z-index: 99999;
	}
  
  
}
!

JS 

              
                  jQuery( document ).ready( function( $ ) {

		// add JS-classes into the HTML-Tag
		$('html').addClass('js');

		// add classes for sub menus and sub menus toggle button
		$(".site-nav li > ul").parent('li').addClass('has-sub-menu');
		$(".site-nav li > ul").addClass('sub-menu');

		// create button for expand- und collapse the menu and render it into the header
		var create_toggle_nav_button = ['<div class="toggle-site-nav">Menu</div>'].join("");
		$("header").append(create_toggle_nav_button); 

		// create button for expand- und collapse the sub menu  for mobile view and add them to all sub menus
		var create_sub_toggle_button = ['<span class="toggle-sub-menu"></span>'].join("");
		$(".has-sub-menu > a").after(create_sub_toggle_button);

		// define variables
		var $menu = $('.site-nav'),
		$toggle_nav = $('.toggle-site-nav'),
		$toggle_sub_menu = $('.toggle-sub-menu');

		// collapse and expand function of the main menu
		$toggle_nav.click(function(e) {
			e.preventDefault();
			$menu.slideToggle();
		});

		// collapse and expand function of the drop down menu for mobile view
		$toggle_sub_menu.click(function(e) {
			e.preventDefault();
			var $this = $(this);
			$this.toggleClass('active').next('ul').slideToggle();
		});

		// display hidden elements again, when browserwindow is resized by user
		$(window).resize(function(){
		  var w = $(window).width();
		  if(w > 900) {
			  $('.site-nav').removeAttr('style');
			  $('.sub-menu').removeAttr('style');
		  }
	  	});

	  	// collapse navigation automatically to the left, when it run out of the viewport
		$(".site-nav .has-sub-menu").on('mouseenter mouseleave', function (e) {

	        var nav_element = $('ul:first', this);
	        var element_offset = nav_element .offset();
	        var element_offset_left = element_offset.left;
	        var element_width = nav_element.width();
	        var viewport_width = $(window).width();

	        var element_in_viewport = (element_offset_left + element_width <= viewport_width);
	                 
	        if ( ! element_in_viewport ) {
	            $(this).addClass('sub-left');
	        } else {
	            $(this).removeClass('sub-left');
	        }
	    });
		
});
!
999px

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