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HTML 

              
                [[[https://codepen.io/thebabydino/pen/zEbVPO]]]

- var k = .05;
- var ax = (.5*(1 - .35*k)*d);
- var ra = .25*srco;
- var m0, m1, vt = [];

svg(viewBox=[-.5*d, -.5*d, 2*d, d].join(' ')
		xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'
		 xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink')
	style
		| svg { font: #{fs}px consolas, monaco, monospace }
		| [d], [r], line { fill: none; stroke: #{darken}; stroke-width: #{2*sw} }
		| #e * { fill: #{darken}; stroke: none }
		| [id] [d] { marker-end: url(#e) }
		| [d] + text { font: 1em times new roman, serif }
		| #u [r] { stroke: #{llight} }
		| g ~ [d] { stroke: #{orange}; stroke-width: #{3*sw} }
		| g + [d] { fill: rgba(255, 238, 51, .7) }
		| use ~ [d] { stroke: #{purple} }
		| #e + [d] { stroke: #777 }
		| [d] + [d] { stroke: #{tomato}; stroke-width: #{4*sw} }
		| #v [r] { fill: #{orange} }
		| [r] ~ [x] { font-style: italic }
		| tspan { font-size: .5em }
	- for(var i = 0; i < sp; i++) {
		- var ca = i*sbac;
		- vt.push([Math.cos(ca), Math.sin(ca)]);
		- svo.push([+(d + srco*vt[i][0]).toFixed(e), +(srco*vt[i][1]).toFixed(e)]);
		- svi.push([+(srco*Math.cos(2*ca)).toFixed(e), +(srco*Math.sin(2*ca)).toFixed(e)]);
	- }
	marker#e(markerWidth=ad markerHeight=ad 
						viewBox='0 -4 8 8' 
						orient='auto' refX='7')
		path(d='M8 0 0-4V4')
	path(d=`M${svo.slice(1).join(' ')} ${svo[0]}
					M${svi.slice(1).join(' ')} ${svi[0]}`)
	g#u
		circle(r=srco)
		text(x=+(-.75*fs).toFixed(e) y=-.2*fs) O
		path(d=`M${+(-ax).toFixed(e)} 0H${+(ax).toFixed(e)}`)
		text(x=ax - .5*fs y=-.5*fs) x
		path(d=`M0${+(-ax).toFixed(e)}V${+(ax).toFixed(e)}`)
		text(x=.4*fs y=(ax - .2*fs).toFixed(e)) y
		line(x2=r)
		text(x=srco y=-.2*fs) V<tspan>0</tspan>
	path(d=`M${d} 0 ${d + ra} 0
					A${ra} ${ra} 0 0 1 ${+(d + ra*cosc).toFixed(e)} ${+(ra*sinc).toFixed(e)}
					M0 0 ${ra} 0
					A${ra} ${ra} 0 0 1 ${+(ra*coss).toFixed(e)} ${+(ra*sins).toFixed(e)}`)
	use(xlink:href='#u' x=d)
	path(d=`M${d + srco} 0H${d}L${svo[1]}M${srco} 0H0L${svi[1]}`)
	path(d=`M${svo.slice(0, 2).join(' ')}
					M${svi.slice(0, 2).join(' ')}`)
	g#v
		text(x=(svo[0][0]).toFixed(e) y=(.9*fs).toFixed(e)) 0°
		text(x=(svo[1][0] - .5*fs).toFixed(e) y=(svo[1][1] + fs).toFixed(e)) 72°
		text(x=(svo[2][0] - 2.25*fs).toFixed(e) y=(svo[2][1] + .875*fs).toFixed(e)) 144°
		text(x=(svo[3][0] - 2*fs).toFixed(e) y=(svo[3][1] - .25*fs).toFixed(e)) 216°
		text(x=(svo[4][0] - .75*fs).toFixed(e) y=(svo[4][1] - .375*fs).toFixed(e)) 288°
		- for(var i = 0; i < sp; i++) {
			circle(cx=svo[i][0] cy=svo[i][1] r=pr)
		- }
		circle(cx=d r=pr1)
	use(xlink:href='#v' x=-d)

// minimal SVG
<svg viewBox='-1250 -1250 5000 2500' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'><style>svg{font:150px consolas,monaco,monospace}[d],[r],line{fill:none;stroke:#333;stroke-width:10}#e *{fill:#333;stroke:none}[id] [d]{marker-end:url(#e)}[d]+text{font:1em times new roman,serif}#u [r]{stroke:#ccc}g~[d]{stroke:#f90;stroke-width:15}g+[d]{fill:rgba(255,238,51,.7)}use~[d]{stroke:#95a}#e+[d]{stroke:#777}[d]+[d]{stroke:#b53;stroke-width:20}#v [r]{fill:#f90}[r]~[x]{font-style:italic}tspan{font-size:.5em}</style><marker id='e' markerWidth='10' markerHeight='10' viewBox='0 -4 8 8' orient='auto' refX='7'><path d='M8 0 0-4V4'/></marker><path d='M2809 951 1691 588 1691-588 2809-951 3500 0M-809 588 309-951 309 951-809-588 1000 0'/><g id='u'><circle r='1000'/><text x='-113' y='-30'>O</text><path d='M-1228 0H1228'/><text x='1153.125' y='-75'>x</text><path d='M0-1228V1228'/><text x='60' y='1198'>y</text><line></line><text x='1000' y='-30'>V<tspan>0</tspan></text></g><path d='M2500 0 2750 0A250 250 0 0 1 2577 238M0 0 250 0A250 250 0 0 1-202 147'/><use xlink:href='#u' x='2500'/><path d='M3500 0H2500L2809 951M1000 0H0L-809 588'/><path d='M3500 0 2809 951M1000 0-809 588'/><g id='v'><text x='3500' y='135'>0°</text><text x='2734' y='1101'>72°</text><text x='1354' y='719'>144°</text><text x='1391' y='-626'>216°</text><text x='2697' y='-1007'>288°</text><circle cx='3500' cy='0' r='25'/><circle cx='2809' cy='951' r='25'/><circle cx='1691' cy='588' r='25'/><circle cx='1691' cy='-588' r='25'/><circle cx='2809' cy='-951' r='25'/><circle cx='2500' r='18'/></g><use xlink:href='#v' x='-2500'/></svg>
!

CSS 

              
                body {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	margin: 0;
	height: 100vh;
}

svg { display: block }
!

JS 

              
                //minimal SVG: https://codepen.io/thebabydino/pen/EwpZXd?editors=1000
!
999px

Console