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HTML 

              
                <div class="table-wrapper">
  <table id="js-contacts">
        <caption><h1>Your contacts</h1></caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Name</th>
        <th>Category</th>
        <th>Email</th>
        <th>Phone</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>

    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <img src="https://100k-faces.glitch.me/random-image?id=1" />
          Longname Longsurname
        </td>
        <td>
          Family
        </td>
        <td>
          johndoe@email.nonexistent.com
        </td>
        <td>
          (999) 123 - 4567
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <img src="https://100k-faces.glitch.me/random-image?id=2" />
          John Middlename Doe
        </td>
        <td>
          Family
        </td>
        <td>
          johndoe@email.nonexistent.com
        </td>
        <td>
          (999) 123 - 4567
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <img src="https://100k-faces.glitch.me/random-image?id=3" />
          Longername Doe
        </td>
        <td>
          Friends
        </td>
        <td>
          johndoe@email.nonexistent.com
        </td>
        <td>
          (999) 123 - 4567
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <img src="https://100k-faces.glitch.me/random-image?id=4" />
          Longname Doe
        </td>
        <td>
          Work
        </td>
        <td>
          johndoe@email.nonexistent.com
        </td>
        <td>
          (999) 123 - 4567
        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>
          <img src="https://100k-faces.glitch.me/random-image?id=5" />
          John Longsurename
        </td>
        </td>
        <td>
          Contact
        </td>
        <td>
          johndoe@email.nonexistent.com
        </td>
        <td>
          (999) 123 - 4567
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>
!

CSS 

              
                /* @link https://utopia.fyi/type/calculator?c=920,16,1.2,1500,24,1.25,5,2,568&s=0.75|0.5|0.25,1.5|2|3|4|6,s-l */

:root {
  --step--2: clamp(0.69rem, calc(0.27rem + 0.73vw), 0.96rem);
  --step--1: clamp(0.83rem, calc(0.25rem + 1.01vw), 1.2rem);
  --step-0: clamp(1rem, calc(0.21rem + 1.38vw), 1.5rem);
  --step-1: clamp(1.2rem, calc(0.13rem + 1.86vw), 1.88rem);
  --step-2: clamp(1.44rem, calc(0.01rem + 2.49vw), 2.34rem);
  --step-3: clamp(1.73rem, calc(-0.18rem + 3.32vw), 2.93rem);
  --step-4: clamp(2.07rem, calc(-0.45rem + 4.38vw), 3.66rem);
  --step-5: clamp(2.49rem, calc(-0.83rem + 5.76vw), 4.58rem);
}

:root {
  --color-primary: #1c1e0b;
  --color-secondary: #f5d13a;
  --color-tertiary: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);

  --font-body: "General Sans", sans-serif;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  background-color: var(--color-secondary);
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--step-0);
  padding: var(--step-4) var(--step-2);
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 1420px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

caption {
  text-align: left;
}

h1 {
  font-size: var(--step-3);
  line-height: var(--step-3);
  font-weight: bold;
  list-style: none;
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: var(--step-2);
}

table {
  text-align: left;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  width: 100%;
  border: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

thead th {
  padding-bottom: var(--step--2);
  font-weight: bold;
  vertical-align: top;
}

thead th,
tbody td {
  padding: var(--step-1) var(--step-0) var(--step--2) var(--step-0);
}

tbody td {
  padding-top: var(--step-0);
  padding-bottom: var(--step--2);
  vertical-align: middle;
}

tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
}

tr > * + * {
  padding-left: var(--step-2);
}

thead {
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
  font-size: var(--step-1);
}

tbody tr {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-tertiary);
}

tbody td::before {
  display: none;
}

img {
  border-radius: 100%;
  width: 4rem;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  border: 3px solid var(--color-tertiary);
  display: inline-block;
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin-right: 1rem;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 880px) {
  thead {
    display: none;
  }

  table,
  tbody,
  tbody tr,
  tbody td,
  caption {
    display: flex;
    flex-directioN: column;
    width: 100%;
    word-break: break-all;
  }
  
  table {
    background-color: transparent;
    border-width: 0;
  }
  
  tbody {
  border: 2px solid var(--color-tertiary);
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  }

  table tr {
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
  }
  
    table tr td:first-child {
      margin-bottom: calc(-1 * var(--step-0));
      flex-direction: row;
      align-items: center;
  }


  table tr td:not(:first-child) {
    padding-left: calc(6rem);
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .table-wrapper {
    max-width: 568px;
  }

  tbody tr td:not(:first-child)::before {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: var(--step--1);
    display: block;
  }
}
!

JS 

              
                // Thanks to Adrian Roselli for this really useful snippet https://adrianroselli.com/2017/11/a-responsive-accessible-table.html

function ResponsiveCellHeaders(elmID) {
  try {
    var THarray = [];
    var table = document.getElementById(elmID);
    var ths = table.getElementsByTagName("th");
    for (var i = 0; i < ths.length; i++) {
      var headingText = ths[i].innerHTML;
      THarray.push(headingText);
    }
    var styleElm = document.createElement("style"),
      styleSheet;
    document.head.appendChild(styleElm);
    styleSheet = styleElm.sheet;
    for (var i = 0; i < THarray.length; i++) {
      styleSheet.insertRule(
        "#" +
          elmID +
          " td:nth-child(" +
          (i + 1) +
          ')::before {content:"' +
          THarray[i] +
          ': ";}',
        styleSheet.cssRules.length
      );
    }
  } catch (e) {
    console.log("ResponsiveCellHeaders(): " + e);
  }
}

// https://adrianroselli.com/2018/02/tables-css-display-properties-and-aria.html
// https://adrianroselli.com/2018/05/functions-to-add-aria-to-tables-and-lists.html
function AddTableARIA() {
  try {
    var allTables = document.querySelectorAll('table');
    for (var i = 0; i < allTables.length; i++) {
      allTables[i].setAttribute('role','table');
    }
    var allRowGroups = document.querySelectorAll('thead, tbody, tfoot');
    for (var i = 0; i < allRowGroups.length; i++) {
      allRowGroups[i].setAttribute('role','rowgroup');
    }
    var allRows = document.querySelectorAll('tr');
    for (var i = 0; i < allRows.length; i++) {
      allRows[i].setAttribute('role','row');
    }
    var allCells = document.querySelectorAll('td');
    for (var i = 0; i < allCells.length; i++) {
      allCells[i].setAttribute('role','cell');
    }
    var allHeaders = document.querySelectorAll('th');
    for (var i = 0; i < allHeaders.length; i++) {
      allHeaders[i].setAttribute('role','columnheader');
    }
    // this accounts for scoped row headers
    var allRowHeaders = document.querySelectorAll('th[scope=row]');
    for (var i = 0; i < allRowHeaders.length; i++) {
      allRowHeaders[i].setAttribute('role','rowheader');
    }
    // caption role not needed as it is not a real role and
    // browsers do not dump their own role with display block
  } catch (e) {
    console.log("AddTableARIA(): " + e);
  }
}

ResponsiveCellHeaders("js-contacts");
AddTableARIA();
!
999px

Console