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CSS

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HTML 

              
                <h2>#CSS: VISUALIZANDO nth-child
  <div class="sub">(by <a href="http://www.oloblogger.com">Oloman</a>)</div>
</h2>
<BR/>
HTML
<BR/>
<p>&lt;ul&gt;<br/>&lt;li&gt;1&lt;/li&gt;&nbsp;&lt;li&gt;2&lt;/li&gt;&nbsp;&lt;li&gt;3&lt;/li&gt;&nbsp;&lt;li&gt;4&lt;/li&gt;
 <br/>&lt;/ul&gt;
</p>
<BR/>
<BR/>
<BR/>
PRIMER ELEMENTO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:first-child</p>
<ul class="uno">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
ULTIMO ELEMENTO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:last-child</p>
<ul class="dos">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
UN ELEMENTO CONCRETO (QUINTO)
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(5)</p>
<ul class="tres">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
PENÚLTIMO ELEMENTO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-last-child(2)</p>
<ul class="quince">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
ANTEPENÚLTIMO ELEMENTO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-last-child(3)</p>
<ul class="dieciseis">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
TODOS LOS IMPARES
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(odd)</p>
<ul class="cuatro">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
TODOS LOS PARES
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(even)</p>
<ul class="cinco">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
TODOS LOS MÚLTIPLOS DE 3
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(3n)</p>
<ul class="seis">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
TODOS LOS MÚLTIPLOS DE 3 MÁS 2
<br>
(El cero es el primer múltiplo)
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(3n+2)</p>
<ul class="siete">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
DEL CUARTO HASTA EL ÚLTIMO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(n+4)</p>
<ul class="ocho">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
DEL CUARTO HASTA EL PRIMERO
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(-n+4)</p>
<ul class="nueve">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
DEL CUARTO AL NOVENO
<br/>
(del cuarto hacia último +
<br/>del noveno hacia primero)
<BR/>
<p>ul li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(-n+9)</p>
<ul class="diez">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
SÓLO LOS PARES ENTRE CUARTO Y NOVENO
<BR/>
<p>li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(even):nth-child(-n+9)</p>
<ul class="once">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
SÓLO LOS MÚLTIPLOS DE 3 ENTRE CUARTO Y NOVENO
<BR/>
<p>li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(3n):nth-child(-n+9)</p>
<ul class="doce">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
SÓLO LOS PARES MÚLTIPLOS DE 3
<BR/>
<p>li:nth-child(even):nth-child(3n)</p>
<ul class="trece">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
SÓLO PARES Y MÚLTIPLOS DE TRES ENTRE CUARTO Y NOVENO
<BR/>
<p>li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(even):nth-child(3n):nth-child(-n+9)</p>
<ul class="catorce">
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
  <li></li>
</ul>
!

CSS 

              
                body, html {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  outline: 0;
  border: 0;
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-align: center;
  background: #eee;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
h2 {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 60px auto;
  padding: 10px 30px;
  color: white;
  background: black; 
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 40px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}
h2 .sub {
  font-size: 70%;
}
a {
  color: white;
}
p {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 20px auto 5px;
  padding: 10px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: #cc0000;
  color: white;
}
ul {
  width: 90%;
  margin: 20px auto;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  text-align: center;
  counter-reset: contar;
  border-bottom: 2px groove #fff;
}
li {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  margin: 20px 4px;
  background: black; 
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 40px;
}
ul:nth-of-type(14) {
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
}
li:before {
  content: counter(contar);
  counter-increment: contar;
  color: white;
}
.uno li:first-child,
.dos li:last-child,
.tres li:nth-child(5),
.cuatro li:nth-child(odd),
.cinco li:nth-child(even),
.seis li:nth-child(3n),
.siete li:nth-child(3n+2),
.ocho li:nth-child(n+4),
.nueve li:nth-child(-n+4),
.diez li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(-n+9),
.once li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(even):nth-child(-n+9),
.doce li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(3n):nth-child(-n+9),
.trece li:nth-child(even):nth-child(3n),
.catorce li:nth-child(n+4):nth-child(even):nth-child(3n):nth-child(-n+9),
.quince li:nth-last-child(2),
.dieciseis li:nth-last-child(3)
{
  background: #cc0000;
}
!

JS
!
999px

Console