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HTML

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Adding Classes

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About the <head>

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CSS

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CSS preprocessors help make authoring CSS easier. All of them offer things like variables and mixins to provide convenient abstractions.

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CSS Base

About CSS Base

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JavaScript

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JavaScript preprocessors can help make authoring JavaScript easier and more convenient.

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Babel includes JSX processing.

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HTML 

              
                <!-- 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>画像のモーダルウィンドウ</title>

  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
 -->
<body>
  <!-- 
モーダルウィンドウに直接関係があるのは、class属性"js-modalWindow"が付いている
a要素とその子要素のimg要素です。
その他のコードはレイアウトや装飾目的で記述しました。
-->
  <div class="l-container">
    <h1 class="m-pageTitle">画像のモーダルウィンドウ</h1>
    <div class="l-spacer --xlTop">
      <ul class="l-grid">
        <li class="l-grid__item">
          <a class="m-modalLink js-modalWindow" href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=15Dom_6c0greOYOl_ADjkXf0wgwpiHfNP">

            <img class="m-modalImage" src="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=18q6XsxqI_GPdlOyr52D1t5WQwz5pJvoY" alt="ぶどう">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li class="l-grid__item">
          <a class="m-modalLink js-modalWindow" href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=1UTcL-GB9tCDnpeV3hDZRwNYQjtn-Noid">
            <img class="m-modalImage" src="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=1lQ2hmVgtqLXxHS9YrNDd6BcL5h8IOeS5" alt="りんご">
          </a>
        </li>
        <li class="l-grid__item">
          <a class="m-modalLink js-modalWindow" href="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=1ajfs_9vegmJ2XRlGG_UqDpKiTjXU1cFR">
            <img class="m-modalImage" src="https://drive.google.com/uc?export=view&id=1kAB3UkRy0n3Vr_SijY7dDBPnrfZ0eVPj" alt="レモン">
          </a>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <!-- /.l-spacer -->
  </div>
  <!-- /.l-container -->

  <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZosEbRLbNQzLpnKIkEdrPv7lOy9C27hHQ+Xp8a4MxAQ=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
  <script src="app.js"></script>
</body>
<!-- </html> -->
!

CSS 

              
                /* ===== デフォルトのCSSリセット =====*/
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

body {
  padding: 0 1em;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

li {
  list-style-type: none;
}

img {
  vertical-align: bottom;
}

/* ===== ここから =====*/
/* JavaScript操作用 */

/* overlay */
.overlay {
  display: none;
  /* 手順⑤ */
  position: fixed;
  inset:0 auto 0 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

/* modalContent */
.modalContent {
  position: absolute;
  inset:0;
  max-width: 80%;
  max-height: 80%;
  margin: auto;
}

/* is-active */
.is-active {
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* ===== ここまで =====*/

/* 以下、今回関係なし */
/* ===== layout =====*/
.l-container {
  max-width: 100%;
  width: 960px;
  margin: 2.5em auto;
}

.l-spacer.--xlTop {
  margin-top: clamp(2em, 4vw, 5em);
}

.l-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(1, 1fr);
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 2em;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  .l-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

@media screen and (min-width: 1200px) {
  .l-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  }
}

.l-grid__item {
  text-align: center;
}

/* module */
.m-pageTitle {
  font-size: clamp(1em, 3vw, 2.5em);
  font-weight: bold;
  text-align: center;
}

.m-modalLink {
  display: inline-block;
  border: 5px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  transition: border 0.3s ease-in-out;
}
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .m-modalLink:hover {
    border-color: transparent;
  }
}

.m-modalImage {
  max-width: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 1200px) {
  .m-modalImage {
    width: 100%;
  }
}
!

JS 

              
                $(function () {
  //クリックイベントの作成
  $(".js-modalWindow").click(function () {
    //body要素の末尾にoverlayクラスの付いた空divを作成
    $("body").append("<div class=overlay></div>");
    //overlayをフェードインして表示
    $(".overlay").fadeIn(300);
    //クリックしたa要素のhref属性を取得
    var target = $(this).attr("href");
    //ポップアップ用のimg要素を変数にまとめる
    var largeImage = "<img class='modalContent' src='" + target + "'>";
    //ポップアップ用のimg要素を空divの中に追加
    $(".overlay").append(largeImage);
    //body要素にclass属性を追加
    $("body").addClass("is-active");
    //a要素のページ遷移機能を無効化
    return false;
  });

  //非表示用イベントの作成
  $("body").on("click", ".overlay", function () {
    //オーバーレイをフェードアウトさせる
    $(this).fadeOut(300, function () {
      //フェードアウトが終了した後に空div要素を削除
      $(this).remove();

      //body要素に追加したclass属性を削除
      $("body").removeClass("is-active");
    });
  });
});
!
999px

Console