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CSS

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HTML 

              
                <h1>
  Introduction To Coding Terminology
</h1>

<p>Coding makes use of special characters on the computer keyboard to tell the computer what to do.</p>

<p>Coding tends to make use of punctuation or special characters that are on an English US keyboard but are punctuation/characters that aren't used much in English writing.</p>

<p>Here are some of the most used special punctuation/characters terminology and their meanings when used in coding.</p>

<h2>Brackets</h2>

<p>Coding uses at least four different types of brackets. Brackets are used to wrap sections of code.

  <ol>
    <li>( ) Round brackets. Round brackets are the most common sort of brackets used in English writing (often for an afterthought, or explanation.)</li>
    <li>[ ] Square brackets.</li>
    <li>
      < > Angle brackets. Used in HTML tags.</li>
    <li>{ } Curly brackets. Used in CSS definitions.
  </ol>

  <p>On non-US keyboards you may need to type a special combination of buttons to get curly brackets for example:</p>

  <ul>
    <li>Alt ⌥ + (</li>
    <li>Alt ⌥ + 5</li>
  </ul>

  <h2>Special characters</h2>

  <h3><span class="dot">. Dot</span></h3>

  <p>. is known in coding as a <strong>dot</strong> and is used in web addresses e.g. .com is pronounced dot com.</p>

  <h3><span class="forward-slash">/ Forward slash</span></h3>

  <p>/ is known as <strong>forward slash</strong>. It is used in web addresses to indicate a web page or section is <em>inside</em> another section of the website.

    <p>This is different to in english writing, where a forward slash is used to indicate an alternative and/or combination.</p>

    <p>On a computer, <strong>forward slash</strong> is used in a file address to indicate that a file or folder is <em>inside</em> another folder</p>

    <p>It is called a <strong>slash</strong> probably because it looks like a large sword or knife cut, which in English we sometimes call a slash*.</p>

    <h3><span class="backslash">\ Backslash</span></h3>

    <p>\ is known as <strong>backslash</strong> and is used on Windows PCs in a file address to indicate that a file or folder is <em>inside</em> another folder</p>
  </p>

  <p><small>* Note: Horror films like Halloween 6: The Curse of Michael Myers are sometimes known as "slasher films".</small></p>

  <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d6/Halloween6cover.JPG" alt="Halloween 6: The Curse of Michael Myers, film poster">

  <p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloween:_The_Curse_of_Michael_Myers">Halloween 6: The Curse of Michael Myers</a>

    <h2>Intermediate Special Characters</h2>

    <h3><span class="ampersand">&amp; Ampersand</span></h3>

    <p>&amp; is known as the <strong>ampersand</strong>. Some special characters you can't used in text because they are used to represent computer code, so instead you use an <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_entities.asp">HTML entities</a>.
      For example &amp;amp; is the HTML entity code for ampersand.

      <h3><span class="colon">: Colon</span> and <span class="semicolon">; Semicolon</span></h3>

      <p>: is known as the <strong>colon</strong>. It is used in English most commonly before an explanation. In CSS coding a colon comes before giving a HTML tag a property, for example a color.</p>

      <p>; is known as the <strong>semicolon</strong>. It is used in web coding to end a bit of code.</p>

      <h3>- Hyphen</h3>

      <p>- is known as a <strong>hyphen</strong>. It is used in coding often instead of a space, for example in the CSS property font-family. In maths it is called the minus sign - as in plus + and minus -.</p>

      <h2>Colors</h2>

      <p>We use the word color (not colour) because we use the US spelling for color, which is used more worldwide.</p>

      <p>In HTML (a good coding language for beginners because its for the web, it's forgiving, and it's visual) we can use one of <a href="https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_names.asp">140 named HTML colors</a>, such as <span class="DarkRed">DarkRed</span>        (the color spectrum has been divided ÷):</p>

      <div>
        Colors:
      </div>

      <div class="DarkRed">DarkRed</div>

      <h2>Intermediate Colors</h2>

      <p>It is a good idea to use a color-blind friendly palette***. For example:</p>

      <div class="CornflowerBlue">
        CornflowerBlue
      </div>

      <div class="MediumSlateBlue">
        MediumSlateBlue
      </div>

      <div class="MediumVioletRed">
        MediumVioletRed
      </div>

      <div class="Chocolate">
        Chocolate
      </div>

      <div class="Orange">
        Orange
      </div>

      <p>The color spectrum is actually divided into 16,777,216 colors. Each can be represent by a hexadecimal hex code that is prefixed by a # symbol, which is known as a <strong>hash</strong> or <strong>pound</strong> sign.</p>

      <ul>
        <li>
          <ol class="alpha">
            <li>Name: CornflowerBlue</li>
            <li>Hexadecimal code: #6495ed</li>
          </ol>
        </li>
        <li>
          <ol class="alpha">
            <li>Name: MediumSlateBlue</li>
            <li>Hexadecimal code: #7b68ee</li>
          </ol>
        </li>
        <li>
          <ol class="alpha">
            <li>Name: MediumVioletRed</li>
            <li>Hexadecimal code: #C71585</li>
          </ol>
        </li>
        <li>
          <ol class="alpha">
            <li>Name: Chocolate</li>
            <li>Hexadecimal code: #d2691e</li>
          </ol>
        </li>
        <li>
          <ol class="alpha">
            <li>Name: Orange</li>
            <li>Hexadecimal code: #ffa500</li>
          </ol>
        </li>
      </ul>

      <p><small>Footnote: ** HTML named colors blind friendly palette, inspired by <a href="https://davidmathlogic.com/colorblind/"> Coloring for Colorblindness by David Nichols</a> and the <a href="https://www.ibm.com/design/v1/language/resources/color-library/">IBM Color Blind Safe Color Library</a></small></p>

      <footer><small>Made by <a href="https://www.louiechristie.com">Louie Christie</small>.</footer>
!

CSS 

              
                h1,
h2,
h3,
p,
li {
  font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

 {
  font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

h1 {
  color: CornflowerBlue;
}

h2 {
  color: MediumSlateBlue;
}

h3 {
  color: MediumVioletRed;
}

ul {
  list-style-type: square;
}

.dot {
  color: MediumVioletRed;
}

.forward-slash {
  color: Chocolate;
}

.backslash {
  color: Orange;
}

.colon {
  color: MediumVioletRed;
}

.semicolon {
  color: Chocolate;
}

img {
  border-width: 10px;
  border-style: dashed;
  border-color: DarkRed;
}

.quotation-mark {
  color: MediumVioletRed;
}

.ldquotation-marks {
  color: Chocolate;
}

.rdquotation-marks {
  color: Orange;
}

div {
  border: 1px solid LightGrey;
  padding: 10px;
  margin: 20px;
}

.CornflowerBlue {
  color: white;
  background-color: CornflowerBlue;
}

.MediumSlateBlue {
  color: white;
  background-color: MediumSlateBlue;
}

.MediumVioletRed {
  color: white;
  background-color: MediumVioletRed;
}

.Chocolate {
  color: white;
  background-color: Chocolate;
}

.Orange {
  color: white;
  background-color: Orange;
}

.DarkRed {
  color: DarkRed;
}

.alpha {
  list-style-type: lower-alpha;
  margin: 10px;
}

footer {
  text-align: center;
}
!

JS
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999px

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