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<style>
.site-container {
max-width: 800px;
margin: 3em auto;
padding: 0 2em;
}
.demo-title {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 2em;
}
.carousel+.carousel {
margin-top: 4em;
}
</style>
<div class="site-container">
<h1 class="demo-title">JavaScript Carousels</h1>
<div id="carousel-1" class="carousel" role="region" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-title">
<h2 class="carousel-title" id="carousel-1-title">
Beautiful Landscapes
</h2>
<p class="carousel-description">
An autoplaying carousel of landscapes with pagination enabled
</p>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-slide-1-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-1-slide-1-title">Nanda Kot peak</h3>
<p>Mukteshwar, Uttarakhand</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/gkIXFjDRyDc/1600x700" alt="Nanda Kot peak" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-slide-2-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-1-slide-2-title">Manali Mountains</h3>
<p>Manali, Himachal Pradesh</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/oIXJ839p55k/1600x700" alt="Manali Mountains" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-slide-3-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-1-slide-3-title">Aotearoa</h3>
<p>New Zealand</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/MlWRXR18fAg/1600x700" alt="Aotearoa" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-slide-4-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-1-slide-4-title">Richmond Park</h3>
<p>London, England</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/jlVEj8IDPQc/1600x700" alt="London’s Richmond Park" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="carousel-2" class="carousel" role="region" aria-labelledby="carousel-1-title">
<h2 class="carousel-title" id="carousel-2-title">Delicious food</h2>
<p class="carousel-description">
An carousel of some food items with pagination and autoplaying
disabled
</p>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-2-slide-1-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-2-slide-1-title">Red Curry</h3>
<p>
Clicked by
<a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/flat-lay-photography-of-vegetable-soup-on-white-ceramic-cup-XoByiBymX20">Emy</a>
</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/XoByiBymX20/1600x700" alt="Red Curry" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-2-slide-2-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-2-slide-2-title">Steamed dumplings</h3>
<p>
Clicked by
<a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/three-white-dimsum-on-brown-bowl-D-vDQMTfAAU">Charles Deluvio</a>
</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/D-vDQMTfAAU/1600x700" alt="Steamed dumplings" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-2-slide-3-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-2-slide-3-title">Salmon, veggies, and quinoa</h3>
<p>
Clicked by
<a href="https://unsplash.com/photos/broccoli-with-meat-on-plate-mmnKI8kMxpc">Ella Olsson</a>
</p>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/mmnKI8kMxpc/1600x700" alt="Salmon, veggies, and quinoa" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="carousel-3" class="carousel" role="region" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-title">
<h2 class="carousel-title" id="carousel-3-title">Random Images</h2>
<p class="carousel-description">
A carousel of many random images to demonstrate a lot of pagination
items
</p>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-1-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-1-title">A random fruit</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?fruit" alt="Fruit" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-2-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-2-title">A random building</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?building" alt="Building" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-3-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-3-title">A random river</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?river" alt="River" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-4-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-4-title">A random tree</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?tree" alt="Tree" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-5-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-5-title">A random mountain</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?mountain" alt="Mountain" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-6-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-6-title">A random animal</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?animal" alt="Animal" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-7-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-7-title">A random car</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?car" alt="Car" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-8-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-8-title">A random vegetable</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?vegetable" alt="Vegetable" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-9-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-9-title">A random street</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?street" alt="Street" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="slide" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="carousel-3-slide-10-title">
<div class="slide-content">
<div class="slide-caption">
<h3 id="carousel-3-slide-10-title">A random tattoo</h3>
</div>
<img src="https://source.unsplash.com/random/1600x700/?tattoo" alt="Tattoo" width="800" height="350" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
:root {
--carousel-height: 350px;
--carousel-radius: 0.5em;
--carousel-nav-btn-dim: 3em;
--carousel-page-nav-btn-dim: 0.5em;
--carousel-caption-padding: 2em;
--carousel-caption-color: #fff;
--carousel-caption-bg: linear-gradient(
to bottom,
transparent,
hsl(0 0 0 / 65%) 80%
);
--carousel-inner-spacing: 2em;
--carousel-prev-next-btn-bg: #fff;
--carousel-prev-next-btn-color: #333;
--carousel-pagination-margin: 1em;
--carousel-pagination-gap: 0.75em;
--carousel-pagination-btn-bg: #aaa;
--carousel-pagination-btn-active-bg: #333;
}
*,
*::before,
*::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
margin: 0;
font: 1em/160% sans-serif;
}
img,
video,
iframe {
max-width: 100%;
}
.carousel-inner {
overflow: hidden;
position: relative;
min-height: var(--carousel-height);
border-radius: var(--carousel-radius);
}
.carousel-title {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
.carousel-title + .carousel-description {
color: #888;
margin-top: 0;
}
.slide {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.42, 0, 0.58, 1);
}
.slide-content {
position: relative;
z-index: 5000;
height: 100%;
}
.slide-caption {
width: 100%;
position: absolute;
padding: var(--carousel-caption-padding);
left: 0;
bottom: 0;
color: var(--carousel-caption-color);
background-image: var(--carousel-caption-bg);
}
.slide-caption a {
color: currentColor;
}
.slide-caption h3,
.slide-caption p {
margin: 0;
}
.slide-caption p {
font-size: 75%;
opacity: 0.6;
}
.slide img {
width: 100%;
object-fit: cover;
}
.carousel-btn {
width: var(--carousel-nav-btn-dim);
height: var(--carousel-nav-btn-dim);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border: none;
border-radius: 50%;
cursor: pointer;
color: var(--carousel-prev-next-btn-color);
background-color: var(--carousel-prev-next-btn-bg);
}
.carousel-btn--prev-next {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
transform: translateY(-50%);
transition: transform 0.1s ease-in-out;
}
.carousel-btn--prev-next:hover {
transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.2);
}
.carousel-btn--prev {
left: var(--carousel-inner-spacing);
}
.carousel-btn--next {
right: var(--carousel-inner-spacing);
}
.carousel-pagination {
margin-top: var(--carousel-pagination-margin);
display: flex;
gap: var(--carousel-pagination-gap);
justify-content: center;
}
.carousel-pagination .carousel-btn {
background-color: var(--carousel-pagination-btn-bg);
height: var(--carousel-page-nav-btn-dim);
width: var(--carousel-page-nav-btn-dim);
border-radius: 50%;
color: transparent;
transition: transform 0.25s, background-color 0.25s ease-in-out;
}
.carousel-pagination .carousel-btn--active {
transform: scale(1.5);
background-color: var(--carousel-pagination-btn-active-bg);
}
/**
* JavaScript Carousel
*
* This is a simple customizable carousel built with plain JavaScript,
* which can be your starting point to build your own carousel solution.
*
* @author Rahul C.
* @link https://github.com/c99rahul/js-carousel
* @param {*} param0
* @param {Object} config - Configuration options for the carousel.
* @param {string} config.carouselSelector - CSS selector for the carousel container element.
* @param {string|null} [config.slideSelector=null] - CSS selector for the individual slide elements within the carousel.
* @param {boolean} [config.enableAutoplay=true] - Whether to enable autoplay for the carousel.
* @param {number|null} [config.autoplayInterval=2000] - Autoplay interval in milliseconds.
* @param {boolean} [config.enablePagination=true] - Whether to enable pagination for the carousel.
* @returns {JSCarousel} Am instance of JSCarousel.
*/
const JSCarousel = ({
carouselSelector,
slideSelector = null,
enableAutoplay = true,
autoplayInterval = 2000,
enablePagination = true
}) => {
// Initialize variables to keep track of carousel state
let currentSlideIndex = 0;
let prevBtn, nextBtn;
let autoplayTimer;
let paginationContainer;
// Find the carousel element in the DOM
const carousel = document.querySelector(carouselSelector);
// If carousel element is not found, log an error and return null
if (!carousel) {
console.error("Specify a valid selector for the carousel.");
return null;
}
// Find all slides within the carousel
const slides = carousel.querySelectorAll(slideSelector);
// If no slides are found, log an error and return null
if (!slides.length) {
console.error("Specify a valid selector for slides.");
return null;
}
/*
* Utility function to create and append HTML elements with
* attributes and children
*/
const addElement = (tag, attributes, children) => {
const element = document.createElement(tag);
if (attributes) {
// Set attributes for the element
Object.entries(attributes).forEach(([key, value]) => {
element.setAttribute(key, value);
});
}
if (children) {
// Set content for the element
if (typeof children === "string") {
element.textContent = children;
} else {
children.forEach((child) => {
if (typeof child === "string") {
element.appendChild(document.createTextNode(child));
} else {
element.appendChild(child);
}
});
}
}
return element;
};
/*
* Function to modify the DOM structure to fit the carousel's
* requirements
*/
const tweakStructure = () => {
carousel.setAttribute("tabindex", "0");
// Create a div for carousel inner content
const carouselInner = addElement("div", {
class: "carousel-inner"
});
carousel.insertBefore(carouselInner, slides[0]);
// Move slides into the carousel inner container
slides.forEach((slide) => {
carouselInner.appendChild(slide);
});
// Create and append previous and next buttons
prevBtn = addElement(
"btn",
{
class: "carousel-btn carousel-btn--prev-next carousel-btn--prev",
"aria-label": "Previous Slide"
},
"<"
);
nextBtn = addElement(
"btn",
{
class: "carousel-btn carousel-btn--prev-next carousel-btn--next",
"aria-label": "Next Slide"
},
">"
);
carouselInner.appendChild(prevBtn);
carouselInner.appendChild(nextBtn);
// If pagination is enabled, create and append pagination buttons
if (enablePagination) {
paginationContainer = addElement("nav", {
class: "carousel-pagination",
role: "tablist"
});
carousel.appendChild(paginationContainer);
}
/*
* Set initial styles and event listeners for slides and pagination
* buttons
*/
slides.forEach((slide, index) => {
slide.style.transform = `translateX(${index * 100}%)`;
if (enablePagination) {
const paginationBtn = addElement(
"btn",
{
class: `carousel-btn caroursel-btn--${index + 1}`,
role: "tab"
},
`${index + 1}`
);
paginationContainer.appendChild(paginationBtn);
if (index === 0) {
paginationBtn.classList.add("carousel-btn--active");
paginationBtn.setAttribute("aria-selected", true);
}
paginationBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
handlePaginationBtnClick(index);
});
}
});
};
// Function to adjust slide positions
const adjustSlidePosition = () => {
slides.forEach((slide, i) => {
slide.style.transform = `translateX(${100 * (i - currentSlideIndex)}%)`;
});
};
// Function to update pagination buttons
const updatePaginationBtns = () => {
const btns = paginationContainer.children;
const prevActiveBtns = Array.from(btns).filter((btn) =>
btn.classList.contains("carousel-btn--active")
);
const currentActiveBtn = btns[currentSlideIndex];
prevActiveBtns.forEach((btn) => {
btn.classList.remove("carousel-btn--active");
btn.removeAttribute("aria-selected");
});
if (currentActiveBtn) {
currentActiveBtn.classList.add("carousel-btn--active");
currentActiveBtn.setAttribute("aria-selected", true);
}
};
// Function to update carousel state
const updateCarouselState = () => {
if (enablePagination) {
updatePaginationBtns();
}
adjustSlidePosition();
};
// Function to move slide based on direction
const moveSlide = (direction) => {
const newSlideIndex =
direction === "next"
? (currentSlideIndex + 1) % slides.length
: (currentSlideIndex - 1 + slides.length) % slides.length;
currentSlideIndex = newSlideIndex;
updateCarouselState();
};
// Event handler for pagination button click
const handlePaginationBtnClick = (index) => {
currentSlideIndex = index;
updateCarouselState();
};
// Event handlers for previous and next button clicks
const handlePrevBtnClick = () => moveSlide("prev");
const handleNextBtnClick = () => moveSlide("next");
// Event handler for keyboard navigation
const handleKeyboardNav = (event) => {
if (!carousel.contains(event.target)) return;
if (event.defaultPrevented) return;
switch (event.key) {
case "ArrowLeft":
moveSlide("prev");
break;
case "ArrowRight":
moveSlide("next");
break;
default:
return;
}
event.preventDefault();
};
// Function to start autoplay
const startAutoplay = () => {
autoplayTimer = setInterval(() => {
moveSlide("next");
}, autoplayInterval);
};
// Function to stop autoplay
const stopAutoplay = () => clearInterval(autoplayTimer);
// Event handlers for mouse enter and leave events for autoplay
const handleMouseEnter = () => stopAutoplay();
const handleMouseLeave = () => startAutoplay();
// Attach event listeners to relevant elements
const attachEventListeners = () => {
prevBtn.addEventListener("click", handlePrevBtnClick);
nextBtn.addEventListener("click", handleNextBtnClick);
carousel.addEventListener("keydown", handleKeyboardNav);
if (enableAutoplay && autoplayInterval !== null) {
carousel.addEventListener("mouseenter", handleMouseEnter);
carousel.addEventListener("mouseleave", handleMouseLeave);
}
};
// Function to initialize the carousel
const create = () => {
tweakStructure();
attachEventListeners();
if (enableAutoplay && autoplayInterval !== null) {
startAutoplay();
}
};
// Function to destroy the carousel
const destroy = () => {
// Remove event listeners and stop autoplay if enabled
if (enablePagination) {
prevBtn.removeEventListener("click", handlePrevBtnClick);
nextBtn.removeEventListener("click", handleNextBtnClick);
carousel.removeEventListener("keydown", handleKeyboardNav);
}
if (enableAutoplay && autoplayInterval !== null) {
carousel.removeEventListener("mouseenter", handleMouseEnter);
carousel.removeEventListener("mouseleave", handleMouseLeave);
stopAutoplay();
}
};
/*
* Return an object containing methods to create and destroy the
* carousel
*/
return { create, destroy };
};
const carousel1 = JSCarousel({
carouselSelector: "#carousel-1",
slideSelector: ".slide",
enablePagination: true
});
carousel1.create();
const carousel2 = JSCarousel({
carouselSelector: "#carousel-2",
slideSelector: ".slide",
enablePagination: false,
enableAutoplay: false
});
carousel2.create();
const carousel3 = JSCarousel({
carouselSelector: "#carousel-3",
slideSelector: ".slide"
});
carousel3.create();
window.addEventListener("unload", () => {
carousel1.destroy();
carousel2.destroy();
});
Also see: Tab Triggers