<form action="//css-tricks.us2.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=155f5a9ccc4e24c318130cace&id=197f127a68" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate" target="_blank">
<h2>Subscribe to our mailing list</h2>
<div>
<label for="mce-FNAME">First Name</label>
<input type="text" name="FNAME" id="mce-FNAME">
</div>
<div>
<label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address</label>
<input type="email" name="EMAIL" id="mce-EMAIL" title="The domain portion of the email address is invalid (the portion after the @)." pattern="^([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x22([^\x0d\x22\x5c\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x22)(\x2e([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x22([^\x0d\x22\x5c\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x22))*\x40([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x5b([^\x0d\x5b-\x5d\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x5d)(\x2e([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x5b([^\x0d\x5b-\x5d\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x5d))*(\.\w{2,})+$" required>
</div>
<div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input type="text" name="b_f2d244c0df42a0431bd08ddea_aeaa9dd034" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
<div><input type="submit" value="Subscribe" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button"></div>
</form>body {
font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Roboto", "Oxygen", "Ubuntu", "Cantarell", "Fira Sans", "Droid Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
font-size: 112.5%;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
max-width: 40em;
width: 88%;
}
/**
* Form Styles
*/
label {
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
.label-normal {
font-weight: normal;
}
.pattern {
color: #808080;
font-size: 0.8em;
font-weight: normal;
}
.supports-color .color,
.supports-date .date,
.supports-time .time,
.supports-month .mont {
display: none;
}
input,
select {
display: inline-block;
font-size: 1em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
padding: 0.25em 0.5em;
width: 100%;
}
[type="checkbox"],
[type="radio"] {
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
width: auto;
}
.button {
background-color: #0088cc;
border: 1px solid #0088cc;
border-radius: 1px;
color: #ffffff;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 0.9375em;
font-weight: normal;
line-height: 1.2;
margin-right: 0.3125em;
margin-bottom: 0.3125em;
padding: 0.5em 0.6875em;
width: auto;
}
.button:active,
.button:focus,
.button:hover {
background-color: #005580;
border-color: #005580;
color: #ffffff;
text-decoration: none;
}
.button:active {
box-shadow: inset 0 0.15625em 0.25em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15), 0 1px 0.15625em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}
/**
* Errors
*/
.error {
border-color: red;
}
.error-message {
color: red;
font-style: italic;
margin-bottom: 1em;
}// A Validity State Polyfill
;(function (window, document, undefined) {
'use strict';
// Make sure that ValidityState is supported in full (all features)
var supported = function () {
var input = document.createElement('input');
return ('validity' in input && 'badInput' in input.validity && 'patternMismatch' in input.validity && 'rangeOverflow' in input.validity && 'rangeUnderflow' in input.validity && 'stepMismatch' in input.validity && 'tooLong' in input.validity && 'tooShort' in input.validity && 'typeMismatch' in input.validity && 'valid' in input.validity && 'valueMissing' in input.validity);
};
/**
* Generate the field validity object
* @param {Node]} field The field to validate
* @return {Object} The validity object
*/
var getValidityState = function (field) {
// Variables
var type = field.getAttribute('type') || input.nodeName.toLowerCase();
var isNum = type === 'number' || type === 'range';
var length = field.value.length;
var valid = true;
// If radio group, get selected field
if (field.type === 'radio' && field.name) {
var group = document.getElementsByName(field.name);
if (group.length > 0) {
for (var i = 0; i < group.length; i++) {
if (group[i].form === field.form && field.checked) {
field = group[i];
break;
}
}
}
}
// Run validity checks
var checkValidity = {
badInput: (isNum && length > 0 && !/[-+]?[0-9]/.test(field.value)), // value of a number field is not a number
patternMismatch: (field.hasAttribute('pattern') && length > 0 && new RegExp(field.getAttribute('pattern')).test(field.value) === false), // value does not conform to the pattern
rangeOverflow: (field.hasAttribute('max') && isNum && field.value > 0 && Number(field.value) > Number(field.getAttribute('max'))), // value of a number field is higher than the max attribute
rangeUnderflow: (field.hasAttribute('min') && isNum && field.value > 0 && Number(field.value) < Number(field.getAttribute('min'))), // value of a number field is lower than the min attribute
stepMismatch: (isNum && ((field.hasAttribute('step') && field.getAttribute('step') !== 'any' && Number(field.value) % Number(field.getAttribute('step')) !== 0) || (!field.hasAttribute('step') && Number(field.value) % 1 !== 0))), // value of a number field does not conform to the stepattribute
tooLong: (field.hasAttribute('maxLength') && field.getAttribute('maxLength') > 0 && length > parseInt(field.getAttribute('maxLength'), 10)), // the user has edited a too-long value in a field with maxlength
tooShort: (field.hasAttribute('minLength') && field.getAttribute('minLength') > 0 && length > 0 && length < parseInt(field.getAttribute('minLength'), 10)), // the user has edited a too-short value in a field with minlength
typeMismatch: (length > 0 && ((type === 'email' && !/^([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x22([^\x0d\x22\x5c\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x22)(\x2e([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x22([^\x0d\x22\x5c\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x22))*\x40([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x5b([^\x0d\x5b-\x5d\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x5d)(\x2e([^\x00-\x20\x22\x28\x29\x2c\x2e\x3a-\x3c\x3e\x40\x5b-\x5d\x7f-\xff]+|\x5b([^\x0d\x5b-\x5d\x80-\xff]|\x5c[\x00-\x7f])*\x5d))*$/.test(field.value)) || (type === 'url' && !/^(?:(?:https?|HTTPS?|ftp|FTP):\/\/)(?:\S+(?::\S*)?@)?(?:(?!(?:10|127)(?:\.\d{1,3}){3})(?!(?:169\.254|192\.168)(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2\d|3[0-1])(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[01]\d|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:[a-zA-Z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-zA-Z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)(?:\.(?:[a-zA-Z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-zA-Z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)*)(?::\d{2,5})?(?:[\/?#]\S*)?$/.test(field.value)))), // value of a email or URL field is not an email address or URL
valueMissing: (field.hasAttribute('required') && (((type === 'checkbox' || type === 'radio') && !field.checked) || (type === 'select' && field.options[field.selectedIndex].value < 1) || (type !=='checkbox' && type !== 'radio' && type !=='select' && length < 1))) // required field without a value
};
// Check if any errors
for (var key in checkValidity) {
if (checkValidity.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
// If there's an error, change valid value
if (checkValidity[key]) {
valid = false;
break;
}
}
}
// Add valid property to validity object
checkValidity.valid = valid;
// Return object
return checkValidity;
};
// If the full set of ValidityState features aren't supported, polyfill
// if (!supported()) {
Object.defineProperty(HTMLInputElement.prototype, 'validity', {
get: function ValidityState() {
return getValidityState(this);
},
configurable: true,
});
// }
})(window, document);
/*
* classList.js: Cross-browser full element.classList implementation.
* 1.1.20170427
*
* By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
* License: Dedicated to the public domain.
* See https://github.com/eligrey/classList.js/blob/master/LICENSE.md
*/
/*global self, document, DOMException */
/*! @source http://purl.eligrey.com/github/classList.js/blob/master/classList.js */
if ("document" in self) {
// Full polyfill for browsers with no classList support
// Including IE < Edge missing SVGElement.classList
if (!("classList" in document.createElement("_"))
|| document.createElementNS && !("classList" in document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","g"))) {
(function (view) {
"use strict";
if (!('Element' in view)) return;
var
classListProp = "classList"
, protoProp = "prototype"
, elemCtrProto = view.Element[protoProp]
, objCtr = Object
, strTrim = String[protoProp].trim || function () {
return this.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g, "");
}
, arrIndexOf = Array[protoProp].indexOf || function (item) {
var
i = 0
, len = this.length
;
for (; i < len; i++) {
if (i in this && this[i] === item) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
// Vendors: please allow content code to instantiate DOMExceptions
, DOMEx = function (type, message) {
this.name = type;
this.code = DOMException[type];
this.message = message;
}
, checkTokenAndGetIndex = function (classList, token) {
if (token === "") {
throw new DOMEx(
"SYNTAX_ERR"
, "An invalid or illegal string was specified"
);
}
if (/\s/.test(token)) {
throw new DOMEx(
"INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR"
, "String contains an invalid character"
);
}
return arrIndexOf.call(classList, token);
}
, ClassList = function (elem) {
var
trimmedClasses = strTrim.call(elem.getAttribute("class") || "")
, classes = trimmedClasses ? trimmedClasses.split(/\s+/) : []
, i = 0
, len = classes.length
;
for (; i < len; i++) {
this.push(classes[i]);
}
this._updateClassName = function () {
elem.setAttribute("class", this.toString());
};
}
, classListProto = ClassList[protoProp] = []
, classListGetter = function () {
return new ClassList(this);
}
;
// Most DOMException implementations don't allow calling DOMException's toString()
// on non-DOMExceptions. Error's toString() is sufficient here.
DOMEx[protoProp] = Error[protoProp];
classListProto.item = function (i) {
return this[i] || null;
};
classListProto.contains = function (token) {
token += "";
return checkTokenAndGetIndex(this, token) !== -1;
};
classListProto.add = function () {
var
tokens = arguments
, i = 0
, l = tokens.length
, token
, updated = false
;
do {
token = tokens[i] + "";
if (checkTokenAndGetIndex(this, token) === -1) {
this.push(token);
updated = true;
}
}
while (++i < l);
if (updated) {
this._updateClassName();
}
};
classListProto.remove = function () {
var
tokens = arguments
, i = 0
, l = tokens.length
, token
, updated = false
, index
;
do {
token = tokens[i] + "";
index = checkTokenAndGetIndex(this, token);
while (index !== -1) {
this.splice(index, 1);
updated = true;
index = checkTokenAndGetIndex(this, token);
}
}
while (++i < l);
if (updated) {
this._updateClassName();
}
};
classListProto.toggle = function (token, force) {
token += "";
var
result = this.contains(token)
, method = result ?
force !== true && "remove"
:
force !== false && "add"
;
if (method) {
this[method](token);
}
if (force === true || force === false) {
return force;
} else {
return !result;
}
};
classListProto.toString = function () {
return this.join(" ");
};
if (objCtr.defineProperty) {
var classListPropDesc = {
get: classListGetter
, enumerable: true
, configurable: true
};
try {
objCtr.defineProperty(elemCtrProto, classListProp, classListPropDesc);
} catch (ex) { // IE 8 doesn't support enumerable:true
// adding undefined to fight this issue https://github.com/eligrey/classList.js/issues/36
// modernie IE8-MSW7 machine has IE8 8.0.6001.18702 and is affected
if (ex.number === undefined || ex.number === -0x7FF5EC54) {
classListPropDesc.enumerable = false;
objCtr.defineProperty(elemCtrProto, classListProp, classListPropDesc);
}
}
} else if (objCtr[protoProp].__defineGetter__) {
elemCtrProto.__defineGetter__(classListProp, classListGetter);
}
}(self));
}
// There is full or partial native classList support, so just check if we need
// to normalize the add/remove and toggle APIs.
(function () {
"use strict";
var testElement = document.createElement("_");
testElement.classList.add("c1", "c2");
// Polyfill for IE 10/11 and Firefox <26, where classList.add and
// classList.remove exist but support only one argument at a time.
if (!testElement.classList.contains("c2")) {
var createMethod = function(method) {
var original = DOMTokenList.prototype[method];
DOMTokenList.prototype[method] = function(token) {
var i, len = arguments.length;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
token = arguments[i];
original.call(this, token);
}
};
};
createMethod('add');
createMethod('remove');
}
testElement.classList.toggle("c3", false);
// Polyfill for IE 10 and Firefox <24, where classList.toggle does not
// support the second argument.
if (testElement.classList.contains("c3")) {
var _toggle = DOMTokenList.prototype.toggle;
DOMTokenList.prototype.toggle = function(token, force) {
if (1 in arguments && !this.contains(token) === !force) {
return force;
} else {
return _toggle.call(this, token);
}
};
}
testElement = null;
}());
}
// Add the novalidate attribute when the JS loads
var forms = document.querySelectorAll('.validate');
for (var i = 0; i < forms.length; i++) {
forms[i].setAttribute('novalidate', true);
}
// Validate the field
var hasError = function (field) {
// Don't validate submits, buttons, file and reset inputs, and disabled fields
if (field.disabled || field.type === 'file' || field.type === 'reset' || field.type === 'submit' || field.type === 'button') return;
// Get validity
var validity = field.validity;
// If valid, return null
if (validity.valid) return;
// If field is required and empty
if (validity.valueMissing) return 'Please fill out this field.';
// If not the right type
if (validity.typeMismatch) {
// Email
if (field.type === 'email') return 'Please enter an email address.';
// URL
if (field.type === 'url') return 'Please enter a URL.';
}
// If too short
if (validity.tooShort) return 'Please lengthen this text to ' + field.getAttribute('minLength') + ' characters or more. You are currently using ' + field.value.length + ' characters.';
// If too long
if (validity.tooLong) return 'Please shorten this text to no more than ' + field.getAttribute('maxLength') + ' characters. You are currently using ' + field.value.length + ' characters.';
// If pattern doesn't match
if (validity.patternMismatch) {
// If pattern info is included, return custom error
if (field.hasAttribute('title')) return field.getAttribute('title');
// Otherwise, generic error
return 'Please match the requested format.';
}
// If number input isn't a number
if (validity.badInput) return 'Please enter a number.';
// If a number value doesn't match the step interval
if (validity.stepMismatch) return 'Please select a valid value.';
// If a number field is over the max
if (validity.rangeOverflow) return 'Please select a value that is no more than ' + field.getAttribute('max') + '.';
// If a number field is below the min
if (validity.rangeUnderflow) return 'Please select a value that is no less than ' + field.getAttribute('min') + '.';
// If all else fails, return a generic catchall error
return 'The value you entered for this field is invalid.';
};
// Show an error message
var showError = function (field, error) {
// Add error class to field
field.classList.add('error');
// If the field is a radio button and part of a group, error all and get the last item in the group
if (field.type === 'radio' && field.name) {
var group = field.form.querySelectorAll('[name="' + field.name + '"]');
if (group.length > 0) {
for (var i = 0; i < group.length; i++) {
group[i].classList.add('error');
}
field = group[group.length - 1];
}
}
// Get field id or name
var id = field.id || field.name;
if (!id) return;
// Check if error message field already exists
// If not, create one
var message = field.form.querySelector('.error-message#error-for-' + id );
if (!message) {
message = document.createElement('div');
message.className = 'error-message';
message.id = 'error-for-' + id;
// If the field is a radio button or checkbox, insert error after the label
var label;
if (field.type === 'radio' || field.type ==='checkbox') {
label = field.form.querySelector('label[for="' + id + '"]') || field.parentNode;
if (label) {
label.parentNode.insertBefore( message, label.nextSibling );
}
}
// Otherwise, insert it after the field
if (!label) {
field.parentNode.insertBefore( message, field.nextSibling );
}
}
// Add ARIA role to the field
field.setAttribute('aria-describedby', 'error-for-' + id);
// Update error message
message.innerHTML = error;
// Show error message
message.style.display = 'block';
message.style.visibility = 'visible';
};
// Remove the error message
var removeError = function (field) {
// Remove error class to field
field.classList.remove('error');
// Remove ARIA role from the field
field.removeAttribute('aria-describedby');
// If the field is a radio button and part of a group, remove error from all and get the last item in the group
if (field.type === 'radio' && field.name) {
var group = field.form.querySelectorAll('[name="' + field.name + '"]');
if (group.length > 0) {
for (var i = 0; i < group.length; i++) {
group[i].classList.remove('error');
}
field = group[group.length - 1];
}
}
// Get field id or name
var id = field.id || field.name;
if (!id) return;
// Check if an error message is in the DOM
var message = field.form.querySelector('.error-message#error-for-' + id + '');
if (!message) return;
// If so, hide it
message.innerHTML = '';
message.style.display = 'none';
message.style.visibility = 'hidden';
};
// Listen to all blur events
document.addEventListener('blur', function (event) {
// Only run if the field is in a form to be validated
if (!event.target.form.classList.contains('validate')) return;
// Validate the field
var error = hasError(event.target);
// If there's an error, show it
if (error) {
showError(event.target, error);
return;
}
// Otherwise, remove any existing error message
removeError(event.target);
}, true);
// Check all fields on submit
document.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
// Only run on forms flagged for validation
if (!event.target.classList.contains('validate')) return;
// Prevent form from submitting
event.preventDefault();
// Get all of the form elements
var fields = event.target.elements;
// Validate each field
// Store the first field with an error to a variable so we can bring it into focus later
var error, hasErrors;
for (var i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
error = hasError(fields[i]);
if (error) {
showError(fields[i], error);
if (!hasErrors) {
hasErrors = fields[i];
}
}
}
// If there are errrors, don't submit form and focus on first element with error
if (hasErrors) {
hasErrors.focus();
}
// Otherwise, let the form submit normally
// You could also bolt in an Ajax form submit process here
}, false);
External CSS
This Pen doesn't use any external CSS resources.
External JavaScript
This Pen doesn't use any external JavaScript resources.