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CSS

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HTML 

              
                <h1>Fixed Table Header Demo: Responsive with Scroll Snap</h1>

<p>
Scroll snap on both axes.
</p>

<h2>Column Headers</h2>

<div role="region" aria-labelledby="HeadersRow" tabindex="0" class="colheaders">
  <table>
    <caption id="HeadersRow">Books with a Fixed Column Header Row</caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Author</th>
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Year</th>
        <th>ISBN-13</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>Miguel De Cervantes</td>
        <td>The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha</td>
        <td>1605</td>
        <td>9783125798502</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve</td>
        <td>La Belle et la Bête</td>
        <td>1740</td>
        <td>9781910880067</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Sir Isaac Newton</td>
        <td>The Method of Fluxions and Infinite Series: With Its Application to the Geometry of Curve-lines</td>
        <td>1763</td>
        <td>9781330454862</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Mary Shelley</td>
        <td>Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus</td>
        <td>1818</td>
        <td>9781530278442</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Herman Melville</td>
        <td>Moby-Dick; or, The Whale</td>
        <td>1851</td>
        <td>9781530697908</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth</td>
        <td>The Hidden Hand</td>
        <td>1888</td>
        <td>9780813512969</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>F. Scott Fitzgerald</td>
        <td>The Great Gatsby</td>
        <td>1925</td>
        <td>9780743273565</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>George Orwell</td>
        <td>Nineteen Eighty-Four</td>
        <td>1948</td>
        <td>9780451524935</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>Nnedi Okorafor</td>
        <td>Who Fears Death</td>
        <td>2010</td>
        <td>9780756406691</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

<h2>Row Headers</h2>

<div role="region" aria-labelledby="HeadersCol" tabindex="0" class="rowheaders">
  <table>
    <caption id="HeadersCol">Books with a Fixed Row Header Column</caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Author</th>
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Year</th>
        <th>ISBN-13</th>
        <th>ISBN-10</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Miguel De Cervantes</th>
        <td>The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha</td>
        <td>1605</td>
        <td>9783125798502</td>
        <td>3125798507</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve</th>
        <td>La Belle et la Bête</td>
        <td>1740</td>
        <td>9781910880067</td>
        <td>191088006X</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Sir Isaac Newton</th>
        <td>The Method of Fluxions and Infinite Series: With Its Application to the Geometry of Curve-lines</td>
        <td>1763</td>
        <td>9781330454862</td>
        <td>1330454863</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Mary Shelley</th>
        <td>Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus</td>
        <td>1818</td>
        <td>9781530278442</td>
        <td>1530278449</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Herman Melville</th>
        <td>Moby-Dick; or, The Whale</td>
        <td>1851</td>
        <td>9781530697908</td>
        <td>1530697905</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth</th>
        <td>The Hidden Hand</td>
        <td>1888</td>
        <td>9780813512969</td>
        <td>0813512964</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">F. Scott Fitzgerald</th>
        <td>The Great Gatsby</td>
        <td>1925</td>
        <td>9780743273565</td>
        <td>0743273567</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">George Orwell</th>
        <td>Nineteen Eighty-Four</td>
        <td>1948</td>
        <td>9780451524935</td>
        <td>0451524934</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Nnedi Okorafor</th>
        <td>Who Fears Death</td>
        <td>2010</td>
        <td>9780756406691</td>
        <td>0756406692</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

<h2>Scrolling in Two Directions</h2>

<div role="region" aria-labelledby="HeadersRowCol" tabindex="0" class="rowheaders">
  <table>
    <caption id="HeadersRowCol">Books with a Fixed Row Header Column</caption>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th>Author</th>
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Year</th>
        <th>ISBN-13</th>
        <th>ISBN-10</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Miguel De Cervantes</th>
        <td>The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha</td>
        <td>1605</td>
        <td>9783125798502</td>
        <td>3125798507</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve</th>
        <td>La Belle et la Bête</td>
        <td>1740</td>
        <td>9781910880067</td>
        <td>191088006X</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Sir Isaac Newton</th>
        <td>The Method of Fluxions and Infinite Series: With Its Application to the Geometry of Curve-lines</td>
        <td>1763</td>
        <td>9781330454862</td>
        <td>1330454863</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Mary Shelley</th>
        <td>Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus</td>
        <td>1818</td>
        <td>9781530278442</td>
        <td>1530278449</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Herman Melville</th>
        <td>Moby-Dick; or, The Whale</td>
        <td>1851</td>
        <td>9781530697908</td>
        <td>1530697905</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Emma Dorothy Eliza Nevitte Southworth</th>
        <td>The Hidden Hand</td>
        <td>1888</td>
        <td>9780813512969</td>
        <td>0813512964</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">F. Scott Fitzgerald</th>
        <td>The Great Gatsby</td>
        <td>1925</td>
        <td>9780743273565</td>
        <td>0743273567</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">George Orwell</th>
        <td>Nineteen Eighty-Four</td>
        <td>1948</td>
        <td>9780451524935</td>
        <td>0451524934</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th scope="row">Nnedi Okorafor</th>
        <td>Who Fears Death</td>
        <td>2010</td>
        <td>9780756406691</td>
        <td>0756406692</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>






<p>
  Used in the blog post <a href="https://adrianroselli.com/2020/01/fixed-table-headers.html"><cite>Fixed Table Headers</cite></a> and <a href="https://adrianroselli.com/2021/07/scroll-snap-challenges.html"><cite>Scroll Snap Challenges</cite></a>.
</p>
!

CSS 

              
                body {
  font-family: "Segoe UI", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Roboto,
    Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: #333;
  background-color: #fff;
  padding: 0 5vw;
}

/* Standard Tables */

table {
  margin: 1em 0;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  border: 0.1em solid #d6d6d6;
}

caption {
  text-align: left;
  font-style: italic;
  padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em;
}

th,
td {
  padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 1em;
  vertical-align: text-top;
  text-align: left;
  text-indent: -0.5em;
  scroll-snap-align: start;
}

th {
  vertical-align: bottom;
  background-color: #666;
  color: #fff;
}

tr:nth-child(even) th[scope=row] {
  background-color: #f2f2f2;
}

tr:nth-child(odd) th[scope=row] {
  background-color: #fff;
}

tr:nth-child(even) {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

tr:nth-child(odd) {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
}

td:nth-of-type(2) {
  font-style: italic;
}

th:nth-of-type(3),
td:nth-of-type(3) {
  text-align: right;
}

/* Fixed Headers */

th {
  position: -webkit-sticky;
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 2;
}

th[scope=row] {
  position: -webkit-sticky;
  position: sticky;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 1;
}

th[scope=row] {
  vertical-align: top;
  color: inherit;
  background-color: inherit;
/*   background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, transparent calc(100% - .09em), #d6d6d6 calc(100% - .09em), #d6d6d6 100%); */
}

th:not([scope=row]):first-child {
  left: 0;
  z-index: 3;
/*   background: linear-gradient(90deg, #666 0%, #666 calc(100% - .09em), #ccc calc(100% - .09em), #ccc 100%); */
}

th[scope="row"]::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
/*   inset-inline: calc(100% - .1em) 0; */
  inset-inline-end: 0;
  inset-block: 0;
  border-inline-end: .05em solid #d6d6d6;
}

/* Scrolling wrapper */

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"] {
  overflow: auto;
  scroll-snap-type: both mandatory;
  max-width: 40em;
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"]:focus {
  box-shadow: 0 0 .5em rgba(0,0,0,.5);
  outline: .1em solid rgba(0,0,0,.1);
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"] table {
  margin: 0;
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"].rowheaders {
  background:
    linear-gradient(to right, transparent 30%, rgba(255,255,255,0)),
    linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,0), white 70%) 0 100%,
    radial-gradient(farthest-side at 0% 50%, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), rgba(0,0,0,0)),
    radial-gradient(farthest-side at 100% 50%, rgba(0,0,0,0.2), rgba(0,0,0,0)) 0 100%;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-color: #fff;
  background-size: 4em 100%, 4em 100%, 1.4em 100%, 1.4em 100%;
  background-position: 0 0, 100%, 0 0, 100%;
  background-attachment: local, local, scroll, scroll;
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"].colheaders {
	background:
		linear-gradient(white 30%, rgba(255,255,255,0)),
		linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0), white 70%) 0 100%,
		radial-gradient(farthest-side at 50% 0, rgba(0,0,0,.2), rgba(0,0,0,0)),
		radial-gradient(farthest-side at 50% 100%, rgba(0,0,0,.2), rgba(0,0,0,0)) 0 100%;
	background-repeat: no-repeat;
	background-color: #fff;
	background-size: 100% 4em, 100% 4em, 100% 1.4em, 100% 1.4em;
	background-attachment: local, local, scroll, scroll;
}

/* Strictly for making the scrolling happen. */

th[scope=row] {
  min-width: 40vw;
}

@media all and (min-width: 30em) {
  th[scope=row] {
    min-width: 20em;
  }
}
  
th[scope=row] + td {
  min-width: 24em;
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"]:nth-child(4) {
  max-height: 14em;
}

div[tabindex="0"][aria-labelledby][role="region"]:nth-child(8) {
  max-height: 14em;
  margin: 0 1em;
}
!

JS
!
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